词义辨析substantive/substantial

Substantive vs. substantial

Substantial: adj. large in amount or value; important大量的；价值巨大的；重大的（同义词considerable; significant）：e.g., a substantial amount of money 一大笔钱；a substantial change/improvement 重大变化/改进；

Substantially: adv. 1. very much; a lot非常；大大地（同义词considerably; significantly）：e.g., The costs have increased substantially. 成本大大提高了。2. (formal) mainly; in most details; even if not completely 基本上；大体上；总是来说：What she says is substantially true. 她的话大体符合事实。

Substantive: adj. 1. (formal) dealing with real, important or serious matter实质性的；本质上的；重大的；严肃认真的：substantive issues/matters实质性问题 2. Substantive as an adjective also has a special meaning in law, wherein it is distinguished from “procedural” (e.g., whether one committed murder is a “substantive” issue, while whether one side or the other has the burden of proof is a “procedural" one). Substantive law实体法；procedural law程序法。

A substantial change is a big change; a substantive change is a change in the substance of something. Substantial表示量；substantive表示质。

在合同中常见的Substantially例句：

Management Agreement means the agreement between the Fund and the Manager, in substantially the form attached as Exhibit I to the Agreement. 管理合同是指基金与管理人之间签署的、与本合同附件I中所载格式基本相同的合同。

每一集团公司按其正常业务过程及按其过往大致相同的形式进行其业务。Each Group Company has conducted their respective businesses in ordinary course, in substantially the same manner in which they had been previously conducted.