《流动资金贷款管理暂行办法》翻译
流动资金贷款管理暂行办法
Interim Measures for the Administration of Working Capital Loans
第一章 总则
Chapter I General Provisions
第一条为规范银行业金融机构流动资金贷款业务经营行为，加强流动资金贷款审慎经营管理，促进流动资金贷款业务健康发展，依据《中华人民共和国银行业监督管理法》、《中华人民共和国商业银行法》等有关法律法规，制定本办法。
Article 1 In order to standardize the working capital loan business operations of banking financial institutions, strengthen the prudential operation and management of working capital loans and promote the sound development of working capital loan business, these measures are formulated according to the PRC Banking Supervision and Administration Law, the PRC Commercial Banking Law and other relevant laws and regulations.
第二条中华人民共和国境内经中国银行业监督管理委员会批准设立的银行业金融机构（以下简称贷款人）经营流动资金贷款业务，应遵守本办法。
Article 2 Where banking financial institutions established in the PRC upon CBRC approval (the "lender") operate the working capital loan business, these measures shall apply.
第三条本办法所称流动资金贷款，是指贷款人向企（事）业法人或国家规定可以作为借款人的其他组织发放的用于借款人日常生产经营周转的本外币贷款。
Article 3 For purposes of these measures, working capital loans refer to RMB and foreign currency loans granted by the lender to legal-person enterprises/public institutions or other organizations qualified as a borrower according to state regulations for their daily production and operation needs.
第四条 贷款人开展流动资金贷款业务，应当遵循依法合规、审慎经营、平等自愿、公平诚信的原则。
Article 4 The lender shall follow the principles of compliance with laws and regulations, prudential operation, equality and voluntariness, fairness and good faith when carrying out the working capital loan business.
第五条贷款人应完善内部控制机制，实行贷款全流程管理，全面了解客户信息，建立流动资金贷款风险管理制度和有效的岗位制衡机制，将贷款管理各环节的责任落实到具体部门和岗位，并建立各岗位的考核和问责机制。
Article 5 The lender shall improve its internal control mechanism, exercise whole-process loan management, obtain comprehensive client information, establish a risk management system of working capital loans and an effective position check and balance mechanism, specify the loan management responsibilities of each specific department and position, and establish evaluation and responsibility systems for each position.
第六条贷款人应合理测算借款人营运资金需求，审慎确定借款人的流动资金授信总额及具体贷款的额度，不得超过借款人的实际需求发放流动资金贷款。
Article 6 The lender shall reasonably estimate the working capital demand of the borrower and prudentially determine the borrower's working capital lines of credit and the limit of each specific loan, and may not grant working capital loans in excess of the borrower’s actual demand.
贷款人应根据借款人生产经营的规模和周期特点，合理设定流动资金贷款的业务品种和期限，以满足借款人生产经营的资金需求，实现对贷款资金回笼的有效控制。
The lender shall, according to the production and operation scale and cycle of the borrower, reasonably determine the type and term of working capital loans so as to meet the borrower’s capital demand for production and operation and exert effective control over the collection of loan capital.
第七条贷款人应将流动资金贷款纳入对借款人及其所在集团客户的统一授信管理，并按区域、行业、贷款品种等维度建立风险限额管理制度。
Article 7 The lender shall include working capital loans into the overall lines of credit granted to the borrower and the group client the borrower belongs to, and shall establish a risk limit management system by region, industry, type of loans, etc.
第八条贷款人应根据经济运行状况、行业发展规律和借款人的有效信贷需求等，合理确定内部绩效考核指标，不得制订不合理的贷款规模指标，不得恶性竞争和突击放贷。
Article 8 The lender shall, according to the economic operations, industry development rules and the the borrow's effective credit demand, reasonably determine its internal performance evaluation targets, and may not set any unreasonable credit scale targets, engage in excessive competition or rush to grant loans.
第九条 贷款人应与借款人约定明确、合法的贷款用途。
Article 9 The lender and the borrower shall stipulate definite and lawful purposes of the loans.
流动资金贷款不得用于固定资产、股权等投资，不得用于国家禁止生产、经营的领域和用途。
Working capital loans may not be used for investments in fixed assets or equity or for sectors and purposes where production or operation is prohibited by the state.
流动资金贷款不得挪用，贷款人应按照合同约定检查、监督流动资金贷款的使用情况。
Working capital loans may not be misappropriated. The lender shall check and monitor the use of working capital loans according to the loan contract.
第十条 中国银行业监督管理委员会依照本办法对流动资金贷款业务实施监督管理。
Article 10 CBRC shall supervise and administer the working capital loan business according to these measures.
第二章 受理与调查
Chapter II Acceptance and Investigation
第十一条 流动资金贷款申请应具备以下条件：
Article 11 The application for working capital loans shall meet the following conditions:
（一）借款人依法设立；
(1) the borrow is duly established;
（二）借款用途明确、合法；
(2) the purposes of the loans are definite and lawful;
（三）借款人生产经营合法、合规；
(3) the production and operation of the borrower is in compliance with laws and regulations;
（四）借款人具有持续经营能力，有合法的还款来源；
(4) the borrow has sustainable operation capacity and lawful sources of funds for repayment;
（五）借款人信用状况良好，无重大不良信用记录；
(5) the borrower has a good credit standing and has no record of material bad credit; and
（六）贷款人要求的其他条件。
(6) other conditions required by the lender.
第十二条贷款人应对流动资金贷款申请材料的方式和具体内容提出要求，并要求借款人恪守诚实守信原则，承诺所提供材料真实、完整、有效。
Article 12 The lender shall set forth requirements on the form and content of the application materials for working capital loans and request the borrower to strictly abide by the principle of good faith and to undertake that the materials submitted by it are authentic, complete and valid.
第十三条贷款人应采取现场与非现场相结合的形式履行尽职调查，形成书面报告，并对其内容的真实性、完整性和有效性负责。尽职调查包括但不限于以下内容：
Article 13 The lender shall conduct due diligence by both on-site and off-site means, work out a written report and be responsible for the authenticity, completeness and validity thereof. The due diligence shall cover but is not limited to:
（一）借款人的组织架构、公司治理、内部控制及法定代表人和经营管理团队的资信等情况；
(1) the organizational structure, corporate governance and internal control of the borrower, the credit standing of the legal representative and the operation and management team of the borrower, etc.;
（二）借款人的经营范围、核心主业、生产经营、贷款期内经营规划和重大投资计划等情况；
(2) the scope of business, core business, and production and operation of the borrower, the operation plans and major investment plans of the borrower during the loan term, etc.;
（三）借款人所在行业状况；
(3) the industry the borrower engages in;
（四）借款人的应收账款、应付账款、存货等真实财务状况；
(4) the receivables, payables, inventory and other actual financial conditions of the borrower, etc.;
（五）借款人营运资金总需求和现有融资性负债情况；
(5) the total working capital demand and the current financing liabilities of the borrower;
（六）借款人关联方及关联交易等情况；
(6) the related parties of the borrower and the related-party transactions, etc.;
（七）贷款具体用途及与贷款用途相关的交易对手资金占用等情况；
(7) the specific purposes of the loans and the use of funds by the borrower’s counterparts related to the purposes of the loans, etc.;
（八）还款来源情况，包括生产经营产生的现金流、综合收益及其他合法收入等；
(8) the sources of funds for repayment, including the cash flow, consolidated income and other lawful income derived from production and operation, etc.; and
（九）对有担保的流动资金贷款，还需调查抵（质）押物的权属、价值和变现难易程度，或保证人的保证资格和能力等情况。
(9) with respect to secured working capital loans, the title, value and cashability of the collateral or the qualification and capability of the guarantor, etc.
第三章 风险评价与审批
Chapter III Risk Assessment and Credit Approval
第十四条 贷款人应建立完善的风险评价机制，落实具体的责任部门和岗位，全面审查流动资金贷款的风险因素。
Article 14 The lender shall establish a sound risk assessment mechanism, specify the responsible departments and positions and examine the comprehensive risk profile of working capital loans.
第十五条 贷款人应建立和完善内部评级制度，采用科学合理的评级和授信方法，评定客户信用等级，建立客户资信记录。
Article 15 The lender shall establish and improve its internal rating system and adopt scientific and reasonable rating and credit methods to determine clients’ credit ratings and maintain clients’ credit records.
第十六条贷款人应根据借款人经营规模、业务特征及应收账款、存货、应付账款、资金循环周期等要素测算其营运资金需求（测算方法参考附件），综合考虑借款人现金流、负债、还款能力、担保等因素，合理确定贷款结构，包括金额、期限、利率、担保和还款方式等。
Article 16 The lender shall, according to the operation scale, business features, receivables, inventory, payables, capital cycle and other factors of the borrower, estimate its working capital needs (please see appendix for estimation methods) and shall, taking into overall consideration the cash flow, liabilities, repayment capability, guarantee and collateral conditions and other factors of the borrower, reasonably determine the loan structure, including the amount, term, interest rate, guarantee and collateral requirement and repayment method.
第十七条 贷款人应根据贷审分离、分级审批的原则，建立规范的流动资金贷款评审制度和流程，确保风险评价和信贷审批的独立性。
Article 17 The lender shall, in the principle of separation between the granting and approval of loans and the principle of level-by-level approval, establish standardized system and process for the examination and assessment of working capital loans and ensure the independence of risk assessment and credit approval.
贷款人应建立健全内部审批授权与转授权机制。审批人员应在授权范围内按规定流程审批贷款，不得越权审批。
The lender shall establish and improve its internal credit approval authority and authority delegation mechanism. Examiners shall examine loans according to the specified process within the scope of authority and may not examine loans beyond authority.
第四章 合同签订
Chapter IV Conclusion of Contracts
第十八条 贷款人应和借款人及其他相关当事人签订书面借款合同及其他相关协议，需担保的应同时签订担保合同。
Article 18 The lender shall conclude a written loan contract and other related agreements with the borrower and other related parties, and a contract on guarantee or collateral shall be concluded if necessary.
第十九条 贷款人应在借款合同中与借款人明确约定流动资金贷款的金额、期限、利率、用途、支付、还款方式等条款。
Article 19 The lender and the borrower shall expressly stipulate in the loan contract provisions on the amount, term, interest rate, purposes, payment, repayment method and other issues of the working capital loans.
第二十条 前条所指支付条款，包括但不限于以下内容：
Article 20 The provisions on payment as mentioned in the preceding Article shall include but is not limited to:
（一）贷款资金的支付方式和贷款人受托支付的金额标准；
(1) the payment method of loan capital and the amount threshold for entrusted payment by the lender;
（二）支付方式变更及触发变更条件；
(2) change of payment method and conditions triggering such change;
（三）贷款资金支付的限制、禁止行为；
(3) restricted or prohibited acts for the payment of loan capital; and
（四）借款人应及时提供的贷款资金使用记录和资料。
(4) records and materials for the use of loan capital to be provided by the borrower in time.
第二十一条 贷款人应在借款合同中约定由借款人承诺以下事项：
Article 21 The lender shall stipulate in the loan contract that the borrower shall undertake to:
（一）向贷款人提供真实、完整、有效的材料；
(1) provide authentic, complete and valid materials to the lender;
（二）配合贷款人进行贷款支付管理、贷后管理及相关检查；
(2) cooperate with the lender in loan payment management, post-loan management and relevant inspections;
（三）进行对外投资、实质性增加债务融资，以及进行合并、分立、股权转让等重大事项前征得贷款人同意；
(3) obtain the lender’s prior consent for making investments, substantive increase of debt financing, merger, split, equity transfer or any other major event;
（四）贷款人有权根据借款人资金回笼情况提前收回贷款；
(4) the lender has the right to accelerate the maturity of the loans according to the collection status of the borrower’s capital; and
（五）发生影响偿债能力的重大不利事项时及时通知贷款人。
(5) promptly notify the lender of any material adverse event that may affect its repayment capability.
第二十二条 贷款人应与借款人在借款合同中约定，出现以下情形之一时，借款人应承担的违约责任和贷款人可采取的措施：
Article 22 The lender and the borrower shall stipulate in the loan contract the borrower’s liabilities for breach of contract the measures available to the lender under any of the following circumstances:
（一）未按约定用途使用贷款的；
(1) failure to use the loans as stipulated;
（二）未按约定方式进行贷款资金支付的；
(2) failure to pay loan capital in the stipulated method;
（三）未遵守承诺事项的；
(3) failure to comply with its undertakings;
（四）突破约定财务指标的；
(4) exceeding the stipulated financial indices;
（五）发生重大交叉违约事件的；
(5) occurrence of any material cross default; or
（六）违反借款合同约定的其他情形的。
(6) other circumstances in violation of the loan contract.
第五章 发放和支付
Chapter V Granting and Payment
第二十三条 贷款人应设立独立的责任部门或岗位,负责流动资金贷款发放和支付审核。
Article 23 The lender shall establish an independent department or position to be responsible for the examination of the granting and payment of working capital loans.
第二十四条贷款人在发放贷款前应确认借款人满足合同约定的提款条件，并按照合同约定通过贷款人受托支付或借款人自主支付的方式对贷款资金的支付进行管理与控制，监督贷款资金按约定用途使用。
Article 24 The lender shall, before granting a loan, make sure that the borrower has satisfied the conditions for drawdown as stipulated in the loan contract, manage and control the payment of loan capital via entrusted payment by the lender or direct payment by the borrower as stipulated in the loan contract, and monitor the use of loan capital as stipulated.
贷款人受托支付是指贷款人根据借款人的提款申请和支付委托，将贷款通过借款人账户支付给符合合同约定用途的借款人交易对象。
Entrusted payment by the lender means that the lender, according to the borrower’s drawdown application and payment instruction, pays the loan capital, through the borrower’s account, to the counterpart of the borrower consistent with the purposes stipulated in the loan contract.
借款人自主支付是指贷款人根据借款人的提款申请将贷款资金发放至借款人账户后，由借款人自主支付给符合合同约定用途的借款人交易对象。
Direct payment by the borrower means that, after the lender releases loan capital to the borrower's account according to the borrower's drawdown application, the borrower directly pays such loan capital to its counterpart consistent with the purposes stipulated in the loan contract.
第二十五条贷款人应根据借款人的行业特征、经营规模、管理水平、信用状况等因素和贷款业务品种，合理约定贷款资金支付方式及贷款人受托支付的金额标准。
Article 25 The lender shall, according to the industry features, operation scale, management level and credit standing of the borrower and the type of the loan business, reasonably determine the payment method of loan capital and the amount threshold for entrusted payment by the lender.
第二十六条 具有以下情形之一的流动资金贷款，原则上应采用贷款人受托支付方式：
Article 26 Working capital loans under any of the following circumstances shall be in principle paid via entrusted payment by the lender:
（一）与借款人新建立信贷业务关系且借款人信用状况一般；
(1) the credit relationship with the borrower is newly established and the borrower has an average credit standing;
（二）支付对象明确且单笔支付金额较大；
(2) the payment receiver is definite and the amount of a single payment is relatively large; or
（三）贷款人认定的其他情形。
(3) other circumstances determined by the lender.
第二十七条采用贷款人受托支付的，贷款人应根据约定的贷款用途,审核借款人提供的支付申请所列支付对象、支付金额等信息是否与相应的商务合同等证明材料相符。审核同意后，贷款人应将贷款资金通过借款人账户支付给借款人交易对象。
Article 27 With respect to entrusted payment by the lender, the lender shall, according to the stipulated uses of the loan, examine whether the payment receiver, the amount of payment and other information contained in the payment request of the borrower are identical with those indicated in the corresponding commercial contract and other certificates. Upon approval, the lender shall pay loan funds to the borrower’s counterpart through the borrower’s account.
第二十八条采用借款人自主支付的，贷款人应按借款合同约定要求借款人定期汇总报告贷款资金支付情况，并通过账户分析、凭证查验或现场调查等方式核查贷款支付是否符合约定用途。
Article 28 With respect to direct payment by the borrower, the lender shall, according to the loan contract, request the borrower to report the payments of loan capital on a periodic basis, and shall, by making account analyses, voucher verification or on-site investigation, check whether the payments are made for purposes as stipulated in the loan contract.
第二十九条贷款支付过程中，借款人信用状况下降、主营业务盈利能力不强、贷款资金使用出现异常的，贷款人应与借款人协商补充贷款发放和支付条件，或根据合同约定变更贷款支付方式、停止贷款资金的发放和支付。
Article 29 If, during the payment of loans, the credit standing of the borrower deteriorates, its principal business profitability becomes weak, or there are abnormal circumstances in the use of loan capital, the lender shall negotiate with the borrower to add conditions for the granting and payment of loans, or change the payment method or stop the granting and payment of loans according to the loan contract.
第六章 贷后管理
Chapter VI Post-Loan Management
第三十条贷款人应加强贷款资金发放后的管理，针对借款人所属行业及经营特点，通过定期与不定期现场检查与非现场监测，分析借款人经营、财务、信用、支付、担保及融资数量和渠道变化等状况，掌握各种影响借款人偿债能力的风险因素。
Article 30 The lender shall strengthen management after the granting of loan capital, and shall, based on the industry and business the borrower engages in and through periodical and non-periodical on-site inspection and off-site monitoring, analyze the changes in the borrower’s operation, finance, credit, payment, guarantee and collateral, financing amount and financing channels, so as to fully understand various risk factors that may affect the repayment capability of the borrower.
第三十一条 贷款人应通过借款合同的约定，要求借款人指定专门资金回笼账户并及时提供该账户资金进出情况。
Article 31 The lender shall, by stipulating in the loan contract, request the borrower to designate a special capital collection account and to report the inflows and outflows of capital under this account in a timely manner.
贷款人可根据借款人信用状况、融资情况等，与借款人协商签订账户管理协议，明确约定对指定账户回笼资金进出的管理。贷款人应关注大额及异常资金流入流出情况，加强对资金回笼账户的监控。
The lender may, according to the credit standing and financing status of the borrower, conclude an account management agreement with the borrower through negotiation, expressly stipulating the management of the inflows and outflows of capital under the designated account. The lender shall pay attention to the inflows and outflows of large-sum and abnormal capital and strengthen monitoring over capital collection account.
第三十二条贷款人应动态关注借款人经营、管理、财务及资金流向等重大预警信号，根据合同约定及时采取提前收贷、追加担保等有效措施防范化解贷款风险。
Article 32 The lender shall pay closely attention the significant warning signals in the operation, management, finance, and capital flow of the borrower, and timely take effective measures under the loan contract such as accelerating maturity and requesting for additional guarantee or collateral to prevent and mitigate loan risks.
第三十三条贷款人应评估贷款品种、额度、期限与借款人经营状况、还款能力的匹配程度，作为与借款人后续合作的依据，必要时及时调整与借款人合作的策略和内容。
Article 33 The lender shall assess whether the type, amount and term of the loans match the operations and repayment capability of the borrower, which will serve as a basis for future cooperation with the borrower, and adjust the strategy and content of the cooperation with the borrower in time when necessary.
第三十四条贷款人应根据法律法规规定和借款合同的约定，参与借款人大额融资、资产出售以及兼并、分立、股份制改造、破产清算等活动，维护贷款人债权。
Article 34 The lender shall, according to relevant laws and regulations and the loan contract, participate in the large-sum financing, asset sale, merger, split, stock transformation, bankruptcy liquidation and other events of the borrower so as to protect its creditor's rights.
第三十五条流动资金贷款需要展期的，贷款人应审查贷款所对应的资产转换周期的变化原因和实际需要，决定是否展期，并合理确定贷款展期期限，加强对展期贷款的后续管理。
Article 35 Where the term of a working capital loan needs to be extended, the lender shall examine the reasons for the change of asset turnover cycle related to the loan and the actual needs to decide whether to approve the extension or not, reasonably determine the term of extension and strengthen the follow-up management of the loan.
第三十六条流动资金贷款形成不良的，贷款人应对其进行专门管理，及时制定清收处置方案。对借款人确因暂时经营困难不能按期归还贷款本息的，贷款人可与其协商重组。
Article 36 Were working capital loans become non-performing, the lender shall place them under special management and work out a settlement plan in a timely manner. If the borrower fails to pay the principal and interest of the loans due to temporary business difficulties, the lender may negotiate with it for possible reorganization.
第三十七条 对确实无法收回的不良贷款，贷款人按照相关规定对贷款进行核销后，应继续向债务人追索或进行市场化处置。
Article 37 With respect to non-performing loans that are indeed impossible to recover, the lender shall, after writing them off according to relevant provisions, continue to claim repayment from the debtor or make disposition through market-oriented means.
第七章 法律责任
Chapter VII Legal Responsibility
第三十八条贷款人违反本办法规定经营流动资金贷款业务的，中国银行业监督管理委员会应当责令其限期改正。贷款人有下列情形之一的，中国银行业监督管理委员会可采取《中华人民共和国银行业监督管理法》第三十七条规定的监管措施：
Article 38 Where the lender operates the working capital loan business in violation of these measures, CBRC shall order it to make rectifications within a certain time limit. CBRC may take supervision measures under Article 37 of the PRC Banking Supervision and Administration Law if the lender is under any of the following circumstances:
（一）流动资金贷款业务流程有缺陷的；
(1) there is defect in its working capital loan business process;
（二）未将贷款管理各环节的责任落实到具体部门和岗位的；
(2) failure to specify the loan management responsibilities of each specific department and position;
（三）贷款调查、风险评价、贷后管理未尽职的；
(3) failure to duly perform loan investigation, risk assessment and post-loan management;
（四）对借款人违反合同约定的行为应发现而未发现，或虽发现但未及时采取有效措施的。(4) failure to discover the borrower’s violations of the loan contract that should have been discovered, or failure to timely take effective measures after discovering them.
第三十九条贷款人有下列情形之一的，中国银行业监督管理委员会除按本办法第三十八条采取监管措施外，还可根据《中华人民共和国银行业监督管理法》第四十六条、第四十八条对其进行处罚：
Article 39 Where the lender is under any of the following circumstances, in addition to the supervision measures under Article 38 of these measures, CBRC may impose punishment according to Article 46 and 48 of the PRC Banking Supervision and Administration Law:
（一）以降低信贷条件或超过借款人实际资金需求发放贷款的；
(1) granting loans by lowering the credit conditions or in excess of the borrower’s actual capital demand;
（二）未按本办法规定签订借款合同的；
(2) failure to conclude a loan contract as stipulated in these measures;
（三）与借款人串通违规发放贷款的；
(3) granting a loan by colluding with the borrower in violation of the relevant regulations;
（四）放任借款人将流动资金贷款用于固定资产投资、股权投资以及国家禁止生产、经营的领域和用途的；
(4) ignoring the borrower’s use of working capital loans for investments in fixed asset or equity or for sectors and purposes where production and operation is prohibited by the state;
（五）超越或变相超越权限审批贷款的；
(5) examining loans beyond (in a disguised form) authority;
（六）未按本办法规定进行贷款资金支付管理与控制的；
(6) failure to manage and control the payment of loan capital according to these measures; or
（七）严重违反本办法规定的审慎经营规则的其他情形的。
(7) other circumstances in serious violation of the prudential operation rules stipulated in these measures.
第八章 附则
Chapter VIII Supplementary Provisions
第四十条 贷款人应依据本办法制定流动资金贷款管理实施细则及操作规程。
Article 40 The lender shall work out detailed implementation rules and operating procedures for the management of working capital loans according to these measure.
第四十一条 本办法由中国银行业监督管理委员会负责解释。
Article 41 CBRC shall be responsible for the interpretation of these measures.
第四十二条 本办法自发布之日起施行。
Article 42 These measures shall come into force as of the date of promulgation.
